Tor2Web

 

Tor2Web

Tor2web is an HTTP proxy software that enables access to Tor Hidden Services through mainstream web browsers like Chrome and Firefox. The software was developed by Aaron Swartz and Virgil Griffith is now developed and maintained by the Hermes Center for Transparency and Digital Human Rights as part of the GlobaLeaks project.

Rather than typical top-level domains like .com, .org, or .net, hidden service URLs end with .onion and are only accessible when connected to Tor. Tor2web acts as a specialized proxy or middleman between hidden services and users, making them visible to people who are not connected to Tor. To do so, a user takes the URL of a hidden service and replaces .onion with .onion.to

Like Tor, Tor2web operates using servers run voluntarily by an open community of individuals and organizations.

In later years, both Swartz and Virgil, the founders of Tor2web, have faced federal felony charges related to their respective projects. Aaron Swartz, in particular, was one of the most notable contributors to the Tor ecosystem. He played a significant role in developing modern RSS, co-founding Reddit, and contributing to the establishment of Creative Commons. Unfortunately, Swartz faced legal troubles in 2011 when he was arrested and indicted for downloading a large number of academic articles from the JSTOR website using the MIT network. The following year, additional felony counts were added, putting Swartz at risk of substantial fines and a potential prison sentence of up to 35 years. Tragically, on January 11, 2013, Swartz was found dead in his Brooklyn apartment, having taken his own life.

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